Geog Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Geog - Essay ExampleIndeed, two rounds of the longest African civil war in Sudan cost the lives of 1.5 million people continuing struggle in the western region of Darfur has driven two million people from their homes and killed more than 200,000 famine and drought in the 1980th displaced millions nobody knows how many lives and migrants it will engross to end the south-north confrontation. The statistic of refugees in the Africa shows that Sudan is on top in the list of receiving countries with Zambia, Uganda, Kenya, DR Congo, Guinea and on the top countries of origin of the refugees with Burundi, Angola, Somalia and DR Congo (Tabutin, Schoumaker 510). I think the most leave way to define the immigration/emigration patterns is to solve two problems. First of all, Ill try to show the general political and economical line of Sudan write up in the past 50 years. Secondly, Ill divine country into four border regions - north, east, west and south and analyze each region. Sudans histor y began in 1956, after the declaration of independence from British-Egypt rule. Northern Muslims took majority in judicature and didnt want to deal with South. Consequently, the first civil war has begun. During the war had happened some coups and in 1972 was signed Addis Ababa Agreement that established theSouthern Sudan Autonomy. ... So, political instability provoked mass demographical emigration and intensive mass in-migration. The economic policy was very ineffective. After 1956, independent government followed the colonial type of economy by assigning more land to both public and private sectors for export-oriented production. Government created modernistic economy on the lands that were previously inhabited and cultivated by indigenous population. Besides, many nomadic tribes lost their historical places. Thats why a make out of peasants and nomads were forced to shift their homes and styles of living to urban centers looking for food and water (Eltigani War and Drought 29). Another big failure in economy of the Jaafar Nimeiri governance (1969-1985) was famine in the 1980s. In 1971, Sudan launched a plan for development to turn the country into the bread-basket of the Arab world (Ragnhild 202). But, instead, economy declined because of price falling on the world marker. The Sudans fewer export products were seriously affected by falling prices on the world market. The uneven distribution of development activities, the drought that hit the western and eastern separate of the country during the mid-1980s also forced millions of people to leave their homes. After the Omar al-Bashir coupe in 1989, policy of islamization continued and the problems with the separatist movements in south and Darfur remained. Darfur is the western region, near Chad, with quick local elites that want more power and decentralization of the Sudan. In 2003 Darfur conflict was accompanied with mass murders, genocide, thousands of refugees. In 2005 the rebels signed a peace d eal with the government to end the civil war. To sum up the survey of leading events in Sudan during the